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1 almost continuous
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > almost continuous
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2 almost continuous
Математика: почти непрерывный -
3 almost continuous
мат. -
4 almost continuous density
Математика: почти непрерывная плотностьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > almost continuous density
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5 almost continuous function
Математика: почти непрерывная функцияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > almost continuous function
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6 almost continuous density
матем.English-Russian scientific dictionary > almost continuous density
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7 almost continuous function
English-Russian scientific dictionary > almost continuous function
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8 continuous
1) матем. непрерывный, континуальный2) неразрезной3) неразрывный4) сплошной5) постоянный, неизменный6) электр. с плавной регулировкой• -
9 function
1) функция, действие || функционировать; действовать- essential functions - routine function - safety-related functions2) функциональное назначение; роль- circuit function - intrinsic function - metering function - primary function - robot function - planning function - service function - support function4) функциональный узел ( машины)5) матем. функциональная зависимость, функция- absolutely additive function - absolutely bounded function - absolutely continuous function - absolutely integrable function - absolutely monotone function - absolutely summable function - absolutely symmetric function - almost complex function - almost continuous function - almost convex function - almost everywhere defined function - almost everywhere finite function - almost invariant function - almost periodic function - almost recursive function - almost separably-valued function - almost separating function - almost universal function - analytically independent function - analytically representable function - approximately differentiable function - asymptotically differentiable function - asymptotically finite function - asymptotically uniformly optimal function - bounded below function - cellwise continuous function - circumferentially mean p-valent function - comparison function - complementary error function - complete analytic function - completely additive function - completely computable function - completely monotone function - completely multiplicative function - completely productive function - completely subadditive function - completely symmetrical function - completely undefined function - complex hyperbolic function - conditional risk function - countably multiplicative function - countably valued function - covariant function - cumulative distribution function - cumulative frequency function - deficiency function - double limit function - doubly periodic function - doubly recursive function - effectively computable function - effectively constant function - effectively decidable function - effectively variable function - elementarily symmetric function - entire function of maximum type - entire function of mean type - entire function of potential type - entire function of zero type - entire rational function - essentially increasing function - essentially integrable function - essentially real function - essentially smooth function - everywhere differentiable function - everywhere smooth function - expansible function - explicitly definable function - exponentially convex function - exponentially decreasing function - exponentially increasing function - exponentially multiplicative function - exponentially vanishing function - finitely mean valent function - finitely measurable function - function of appropriate behavior - function of bounded characteristic - function of bounded type - function of bounded variation - function of complex variable - function of exponential type - function of finite genus - function of finite variation - function of fractional order - function of infinite type - function of integral order - function of maximal type - function of minimal type - function of mixed variables - function of normal type - function of number theory - function of one variable - function of rapid descent - function of rapid growth - function of real variable - general universal function - geometric carrier function - implicitly definable function - incomplete dibeta function - incomplete gamma function - incomplete tribeta function - incompletely defined function - inductively defined function - inductively integrable function - infinitely divisible function - infinitely many-valued function - integral logarithmic function - inverse trigonometric function - inverted beta function - iterative function - joint correlation function - joint density function - linearly separable function - locally bounded function - locally constant function - locally holomorphic function - locally homogeneous function - locally integrable function - locally negligible function - locally regular function - locally summable function - logarithmic generating function - logarithmic integral function - logarithmically infinite function - logarithmically plurisubharmonic function - logarithmically subharmonic function - lower semicontinuous function - monotone non-decreasing function - monotone non-increasing function - multiply periodic function - multiply recursive function - negative definite function - negative infinite function - nontangentially bounded function - normalized function - normed function - nowhere continuous function - nowhere differentiable function - nowhere monotonic function - n-times differentiable function - n-tuply periodic function - numeralwise expressible function - numeralwise representable function - numerical function - numerically valued function - oblate spheroidal function - operating characteristic function - optimal policy function - parametrically definable function - partially symmetric function - piecewise constant function - piecewise continuously differentiable function - piecewise linear function - piecewise monotonic function - piecewise polynomial function - piecewise quadratic function - piecewise regular function - piecewise smooth function - pointwise approximated function - positive homogeneous function - positive infinite function - positive monotone function - positive monotonic function - positive semidefinite function - potentially calculable function - potentially recursive function - power series function - probability generating function - quadratically summable function - rapidly damped function - rapidly decreasing function - rapidly oscillatory function - recursively continuous function - recursively convergent function - recursively defined function - recursively differentiable function - recursively divergent function - recursively extensible function - relative distribution function - relative frequency function - representing function - reproducing kernel function - residual function - residue function - scalarwise integrable function - scalarwise measurable function - sectionally smooth function - simply periodic function - singly recursive function - slowly increasing function - slowly oscillating function - slowly varying function - smoothly varying function - solid spherical harmonic function - solid zonal harmonic function - steadily increasing function - stopped random function - strictly convex function - strictly decreasing function - strictly increasing function - strictly integrable function - strictly monotone function - strongly differentiable function - strongly holomorphic function - strongly integrable function - strongly measurable function - strongly plurisubharmonic function - totally additive function - totally continuous function - totally measurable function - totally multiplicative function - totally positive function - triangular function - uniformly best decision function - uniformly bounded function - uniformly definable function - uniformly differentiable function - uniformly homotopic function - uniformly integrable function - uniformly limited function - uniformly measurable function - uniformly smooth function - unit step function - unitary divisor function - upper measurable function - upper semicontinuous function - weakly analytic function - weakly continuous function - weakly differentiable function - weakly holomorphic function - weakly measurable function - weakly singular function - weighted random functiondomain of a function — область определения функции, область изменения независимой переменной
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10 почти непрерывный
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > почти непрерывный
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11 density
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12 space
1) интервал, промежуток2) пробел || оставлять пробелы3) область; площадь4) пространство || пространственный5) космос, космическое пространство6) полость7) расстояние•- absolutely compact space - absolutely embedded space - absolutely thick space - algebraically parallel space - almost complex space - almost expandable space - almost isomorphic space - almost metric space - almost nonsingular space - almost paracompact space - almost pretopological space - analytically ramified covering space - arcwise connected space - centrally harmonic space - compactly ordered space - completely continuous space - completely degenerate space - completely disconnected space - completely harmonic space - completely metric space - completely normal space - completely reducible space - completely regular space - completely reticulated space - completely separable space - completely separated space - completely symmetric space - completely uniformizable space - constant curvature space - continuous sample space - continuously ordered space - contractible in itself space - countably compactifiable space - countably dimensional space - countably generated space - countably infinite space - countably metacompact space - countably multinormed space - countably normed space - countably paracompact space - countably refinable space - countably subcompact space - finitely productive space - finitely sheeted space - finitely triangulated space - fully normal space - general metrizable space - general topological space - global analytic space - globally symmetric space - hereditarily normal space - hereditarily paracompact space - hereditarily separable space - hereditarily symmetric space - holomorphic tangent space - holomorphically complete space - holomorphically convex space - homotopy associative space - iterated loop space - linearly connected space - linearly ordered space - linearly topologized space - load space - locally bounded space - locally closed space - locally compact space - locally complete space - locally connected space - locally contractible space - locally convex space - locally directed space - locally fine space - locally holomorphic space - locally homogeneous space - locally hyperbolic space - locally linear space - locally metrizable space - locally ringed space - locally separable space - locally simply connected space - locally solid space - locally spherical space - locally star-shaped space - locally symmetric space - locally timelike space - locally triangulable space - monotonically normal space - naturally isomorphic space - naturally ordered space - naturally reductive space - nearly paracompact space - negative metric space - normally separated space - not simply connected space - nowhere connected space - null space of linear transformation - n-way projective space - perfectly normal space - perfectly regular space - perfectly screenable space - perfectly separable space - peripherically bicompact space - peripherically compact space - pointwise paracompact space - projectively metric space - quaternion hyperbolic space - quaternion projective space - quaternion vector space - regularly ordered space - relatively discrete space - relatively strong space - sequentially closed space - sequentially compact space - sequentially complete space - sequentially quasicomplete space - sequentially separable space - simply ordered space - simply partitionable space - space of affine connectedness - space of complex homomorphisms - space of continuous functions - space of finite measure - space of linear interpolation - space of right cosets - space of scalar curvature - strongly bounded space - strongly closed space - strongly compact space - strongly complete space - strongly irreducible space - strongly normal space - strongly normed space - strongly paracompact space - strongly pseudocompact space - strongly pseudometrizable space - strongly rigid space - strongly screenable space - structural space - structure space - topologically complete space - totally disconnected space - totally geodesic space - totally imperfect space - totally normal space - totally orderable space - totally ordered space - water jacket space - weakly closed space - weakly compact space - weakly complete space - weakly covering space - weakly dense space - weakly favorable space - weakly n-dimensional space - weakly paracompact space - weakly regular space - weakly separable space - weakly symmetric spaceto space out — полигр. набирать вразрядку
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13 set
1) набор; комплект- semiconductor assembly set - set of Belleville springs - set of conventional set - set of drawing instruments - set of gate patterns - set of gauge blocks - set of logical elements - set of statistical data - set of technical aids- snap set2) партия3) совокупность; множество4) установка; агрегат- desk telephone set - dial telephone set- gear set- local-battery telephone set - man-pack radio set - multi-operator welding set - sound-powered telephone set - wall telephone set5) регулировка; настройка || регулировать; настраивать6) группа; ансамбль7) класс; семейство9) схватывание || схватываться10) затвердевание || затвердевать11) крепление || закреплять12) геол. свита пород13) осадка (грунта) || оседать ( о грунте)14) радиоточка15) спорт сет16) включать, приводить в действие17) мат. множествоset closed under operation — множество, замкнутое относительно операции
- absolutely compact set - absolutely continuous set - absolutely convex set - absolutely irreducible set - absolutely measurable set - affinely independent set - affinely invariant set - algebraically independent set - almost finite set - almost full set - angular cluster set - asymptotically indecomposable set - at most denumerable set - centro-symmetric set - completely bounded set - completely continuous set - completely generating set - completely improper set - completely irreducible set - completely nonatomic set - completely normal set - completely ordered set - completely productive set - completely reducible set - completely separable set - constructively nonrecursive set - convexly independent set - countably infinite setto set aside — не учитывать, не принимать во внимание; откладывать
- cut set- cyclically ordered set - deductively inconsistent set - derived set - doubly well-ordered set - dual set of equations - dynamically disconnected set - effectively enumerable set - effectively generating set - effectively nonrecursive set - effectively simple set - enumeration reducible set - finely perfect set - finitely definite set - finitely measurable set- flat set- full set- fully reducible set - functionally closed set - functionally complete set - functionally open set - fundamental probability set - generalized almost periodic set- goal set- internally stable set- knot set- left directed set - left normal set - left-hand cluster set - linearly ordered set - local peak set - locally arcwise set - locally closed set - locally compact set - locally connected set - locally contractible set - locally convex set - locally finite set - locally invariant set - locally negligible set - locally null set - locally polar set - locally polyhedral set - metrically bounded set - metrically dense set - multiply ordered set - nearly analytic set - nearly closed set - nonvoid set - normally ordered set- null set- open in rays set - partitioned data set- peak set- pole set- positively homothetic set- pure set- radially open set - rationally independent set - recursively creative set - recursively indecomposable set - recursively isomorphic set - recursively productive set - regularly convex set - regularly situated sets - relatively closed set - relatively compact set - relatively dense set - relatively interpretable set - relatively open set - right normal set - right-hand cluster set- scar set- sequentially complete set - serially ordered set - set of elementary events - set of first category - set of first kind - set of first species - set of possible outcomes - set of probability null - set of second category - set of second species - shift invariant set - simply connected set - simply ordered set - simply transitive set- skew set- star set- strongly bounded set - strongly closed set - strongly compact set - strongly connected set - strongly convex set - strongly dependent set - strongly disjoint sets - strongly enumerable set - strongly independent set - strongly minimal set - strongly polar set - strongly reducible set - strongly separated set - strongly simple set - strongly stratified set- tame set- tautologically complete set - tautologically consistent set - tautologically inconsistent set- test set- thin set- tie set- time set- totally disconnected set - totally imperfect set - totally ordered set - totally primitive set - totally unimodular set - totally unordered set - truth-table reducible set - uniformly bounded set - uniformly continuous set - uniformly convergent set - uniformly integrable set - uniformly universal set - unilaterally connected set- unit set- vacuous set- void set- weakly compact set - weakly convex set - weakly n-dimensional set - weakly stratified set - weakly wandering set - well chained set - well founded set - well measurable set - well ordering set - well quasiordered set -
14 uniformly
1) равномерно
2) однородно
3) постоянно
4) равно- ∙ almost uniformly convergent series ≈ почти равномерно сходящийся ряд approximately uniformly convergent series ≈ приближенно равномерно сходящийся ряд asymptotically uniformly optimal function ≈ асимптотически равномерно оптимальная функция locally uniformly rotund ≈ локально равномерно округлый uniformly accelerated motion ≈ равноускоренное [равномерно ускоренное] движение uniformly almost periodic ≈ равномерно почти периодический uniformly approximable function ≈ равномерно аппроксимируемая функция uniformly arcwise connected fan ≈ равномерно линейно связный веер uniformly asymptotically efficient test ≈ равномерно асимптотически эффективный критерий uniformly asymptotically negligible ≈ равномерно асимптотически пренебрежимо малый uniformly attracting set ≈ равномерно притягивающее множество uniformly attracting solution ≈ равномерно притягивающее решение uniformly best constant risk estimator ≈ оценка с равномерно наилучшим риском uniformly best decision function ≈ равномерно наилучшая решающая функция uniformly best test ≈ равномерно наилучший критерий uniformly bounded convergence ≈ равномерно ограниченная сходимость uniformly bounded curvature ≈ равномерно ограниченная кривизна uniformly bounded error ≈ равномерно ограниченная ошибка uniformly bounded family ≈ равномерно ограниченное семейство uniformly bounded function ≈ равномерно ограниченная функция uniformly bounded kernel ≈ равномерно ограниченное ядро uniformly bounded sequence ≈ равномерно ограниченная последовательность uniformly bounded series ≈ равномерно ограниченный ряд uniformly bounded set ≈ равномерно ограниченное множество uniformly bounded variation ≈ равномерно ограниченная вариация uniformly closed algebra ≈ равномерно замкнутая алгебра uniformly closed ideal ≈ равномерно замкнутый идеал uniformly closed subalgebra ≈ равномерно замкнутая подалгебра uniformly complete system ≈ равномерно полная система uniformly consistent estimator s ≈ равномерно состоятельная оценка uniformly consistent test ≈ равномерно состоятельный критерий uniformly continuous function ≈ равномерно непрерывная функция uniformly continuous pseudometric ≈ равномерно непрерывная псевдометрика uniformly continuous semigroup ≈ равномерно непрерывная полугруппа uniformly continuous set ≈ равномерно непрерывное множество uniformly continuous space ≈ равномерно непрерывное пространство uniformly continuous transformation ≈ равномерно непрерывное преобразование uniformly convergent filter ≈ равномерно сходящийся фильтр uniformly convergent potential ≈ равномерно сходящийся потенциал uniformly convergent sequence ≈ равномерно сходящаяся последовательность uniformly convergent set ≈ равномерно сходящееся множество uniformly convex norm ≈ равномерно выпуклая норма uniformly convex space ≈ равномерно выпуклое пространство uniformly decomposable group ≈ однородно разложимая группа uniformly definable class ≈ равномерно определимый класс uniformly definable function ≈ равномерно определимая функция uniformly differentiable function ≈ равномерно дифференцируемая функция uniformly distributed numbers ≈ равномерно распределенные (случайные) числа uniformly distributed points ≈ равномерно распределенные точки uniformly distributed sequence ≈ равномерно распределенная последовательность uniformly divergent sequence ≈ однородно расходящаяся последовательность uniformly divergent series ≈ равномерно расходящийся ряд uniformly embedded subset ≈ равномерно вложенное подмножество uniformly equicontinuous family ≈ равномерно равностепенно непрерывное семейство uniformly equiconvergent seriess ≈ равномерно равносходящиеся ряды uniformly equisummable series ≈ равномерно равносуммируемый ряд uniformly equivalent distances ≈ равномерно эквивалентные расстояния uniformly equivalent spaces ≈ равномерно эквивалентные пространства uniformly homotopic function ≈ равномерно гомотопическая функция uniformly integrable family ≈ равномерно интегрируемое семейство uniformly integrable function ≈ равномерно интегрируемая функция uniformly integrable martingale ≈ равномерно интегрируемый мартингал uniformly integrable random variable ≈ равномерно интегрируемая случайная величина uniformly integrable sequence ≈ равномерно интегрируемая последовательность uniformly integrable set ≈ равномерно интегрируемое множество uniformly integrable subset ≈ равномерно интегрируемое пространство uniformly integrable supermartingale ≈ равномерно интегрируемый супермартингал uniformly limited function ≈ равномерно ограниченная функция uniformly limited variable ≈ равномерно ограниченная переменная uniformly measurable function ≈ равномерно измеримая функция uniformly minimal variance ≈ равномерно минимальная дисперсия uniformly minimum risk ≈ равномерно минимальный риск uniformly minimum risk estimator ≈ оценка с равномерно минимальным риском uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator ≈ несмещенная оценка с равномерно минимальной дисперсией uniformly monotonic norm ≈ равномерно монотонная норма uniformly most powerful ≈ равномерно наиболее мощный( о критерии) uniformly most powerful test ≈ равномерно наиболее мощный критерий uniformly packed code ≈ равномерно упакованный код uniformly parabolic operator ≈ равномерно параболический оператор uniformly positive functional ≈ равномерно положительный функционал uniformly quasiconvex functional ≈ равномерно квазивыпуклый функционал uniformly regular transformation ≈ равномерно регулярное преобразование uniformly retarded motion ≈ равномерно замедленное движение uniformly rotund direction ≈ равномерно округленное направление uniformly rotund sphere ≈ равномерно круглая сфера uniformly selective ultrafilter ≈ равномерно селективный ультрафильтр uniformly singular integral ≈ равномерно сингулярный [равномерно особый] интеграл uniformly smooth function ≈ равномерно гладкая функция uniformly stable solution ≈ равномерно устойчивое решение uniformly strict contraction ≈ равномерно строгое сжатие uniformly strongly elliptic operator ≈ равномерно строго эллиптический оператор uniformly summable series ≈ равномерно суммируемый ряд uniformly tapered matrix ≈ равномерно суживающаяся матрица uniformly unbiased estimator ≈ равномерно несмещенная оценка uniformly universal set ≈ равномерно универсальное множество uniformly variable motion ≈ равномерно-переменное движение uniformly variable rotation ≈ равномерно переменное вращение uniformly weighted estimate ≈ равномерно взвешенная оценка uniformly within interval ≈ равномерно внутри интервала weakly uniformly rotund ≈ слабо равномерно округлый - converge uniformly - load uniformly - locally uniformly - metrically uniformly - mover uniformly - uniformly accelerated - uniformly accurate - uniformly asymptotical - uniformly bounded - uniformly closed - uniformly compact - uniformly complete - uniformly continuous - uniformly convergent - uniformly convex - uniformly correlated - uniformly definable - uniformly diagonalizable - uniformly differentiable - uniformly diffuse - uniformly distributed - uniformly equiconvergent - uniformly ergodic - uniformly fine - uniformly infinitesimal - uniformly integrable - uniformly measurable - uniformly monotone - uniformly open - uniformly parabolic - uniformly positive - uniformly precise - uniformly quasiconvex - uniformly rotund - uniformly small - uniformly smaller - uniformly smooth - uniformly stable - uniformly summable - uniformly tight - uniformly zero-dimentional РавномерноБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > uniformly
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15 group
1) группа, ансамбль || групповой- roughing mill group2) совокупность; комплект3) группировка || группировать(ся)5) класс; категория || классифицировать; категоризировать6) хим. остаток7) сгусток; скопление8) узел9) матем. группа- absolute free group - absolute homotopy group - absolutely irreducible group - absolutely simple group - additively written group - adele group - adelic group - algebraically compact group - algebraically simple group - almost connected group - almost cyclic group - almost ordered group - almost periodic group - almost simple group - alternating form group - cancellative group - cellular homology group - characteristically simple group - complementing group - completely anisotropic group - completely discontinuous group - completely divisible group - completely indecomposable group - completely integrally closed group - deficient group - direct homology group - direct indecomposable group - doubly transitive group - finitely defined group - finitely generated group - finitely presented group - finitely related group - first homology group - first homotopy group - freely generated group - full linear group - full orthogonal group - full rotation group - full symmetric group - full unimodular group - group of classes of algebras - group of covering transformations - group of finite rank - group of infinite order - group of infinite rank - group of inner automorphisms - group of linear equivalence - group of linear forms - group of linear manifold - group of principal ideles - group of real line - group of recursive permutations - group of right quotients - idele class group - linearly ordered group - linearly transitive group - locally bicompact group - locally closed group - locally compact group - locally connected group - locally cyclic group - locally defined group - locally embeddable group - locally finite group - locally free group - locally infinite group - locally nilpotent group - locally normal group - locally solvable group - multiply primitive group - multiply transitive group - nonsolvable group - n-th homotopy group - ordered pair group - principal congruence group - properly orthogonal group - properly unimodular group - pure projective group - pure rotation group - pure simple group - quasipure projective group - quotient divisible group - residually nilpotent group - restricted holonomy group - sharply transitive group - simply ordered group - simply reducible group - simply transitive group - singular cogomology group - singular homology group - solvable group - stable group - strictly transitive group - strongly polycyclic group - subsolvable group - supersolvable group - totally ordered group - totally projective group - totally reducible group - triply transitive group - unitary symmetry group - unitary transformation group - value group - weak homology group - weakly mixing groupgroup with multiple operators — группа с многоместными операторами, мультиоператорная группа
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16 operator
1) диспетчер2) владелец ( оборудования)3) машинист4) оператор машины или системы6) матем. оператор- almost periodic operator - amateur radio operator - asymptotically polylinear operator - bounded below operator - completely invertible operator - double stochastic operator - formally hypoelliptic operator - formally self-adjoint operator - formally symmetric operator - internal operator - isotonic operator - left shift operator - locally algebraic operator - locally measurable operator - negative semidefinite operator - normally resolvable operator - partial recursive operator - partially hypoelliptic operator - partially isometric operator - positive definite operator - positive semidefinite operator - properly orthogonal operator - relatively degenerate operator - relatively invertible operator - relatively regular operator - selective operator - skew adjoint operator - skew self-adjoint operator - uniformly strongly elliptic operator - weakly separable operator -
17 series
1) серия; ряд; последовательность2) геол. толща, свита3) мат. прогрессия; рядexpansion in a series — матем. разложение в ряд
series in a closed form — матем. ряд в замкнутом виде, замкнутый ряд
series in terms of powers of x — матем. ряд по степеням x
series with decreasing coefficients — матем. ряд с убывающими коэффициентами
to cut off a series — матем. обрывать ряд
to develop as series in x — матем. разлагать в ряд по степеням x
to expand in power series — матем. разлагать в степенной ряд
to expand into series — матем. разлагать в ряд
- absolutely divergent series - absolutely summable series - almost everywhere summable series - almost periodic series - almost stationary series - almost uniformly convergent series - completely convergent series - completely invariant series - configuration counting series - confluent hypergeometric series - dominating series - essentially divergent series - everywhere convergent series - everywhere divergent series - function counting series - inverse tangent series - monotonic increasing series - multidimensional time series - multivariate time series - nonuniformly convergent series - normally distributed series - normally summable series - randomly ordered series - slowly oscillating series - strongly summable series - unconditionally convergent series - uniformly bounded series - uniformly divergent series - uniformly summable series - upper central seriesto express as power series — матем. выражать в виде степенного ряда
4) цикл, сериал5) электр. последовательное соединение•connected in series with — электр. последовательно включённый
to place in series with — электр. включать последовательно
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18 mapping
1) картирование, картографирование, составление карт2) отображение || отображающий•- almost open mapping - almost proper mapping - almost separably-valued mapping - completely regular mapping - correlative mapping - countably biquotient mapping - countably multiple mapping - homotopically regular mapping - homotopically stable mapping - homotopy inverse mapping - locally homeomorphic mapping - locally homomorphic mapping - locally infinitesimal stable mapping -
19 game
1) игра || играть•game in an extensive form — игра в развёрнутой форме, позиционная игра
game in a reduced form — игра в приведённой форме, приведённая игра
- almost unanimity game - coin matching game - coin tossing game - completely reduced game - constraint gamegame without constraints — игра без ограничений, свободная игра
- end game- fixed sample-size game - game of harmstrung squad car - game of heads or tails - game of odd man out - game of pure chance - game of pursuit and evasion - identification of friend and foe game - inherently unstable game - locally bounded game - locally finite game - machine played game - nonstrictly determined game - one-player game - strictly solvable game - termination game - two-person game - two-player game- war game- weighted majority game - zero-sum two-person game -
20 effects of the electric arc inside switchgear and controlgear assemblу
- действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
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[Интент]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
Effects of the electric arc inside switchgear and controlgear assemblies
In the proximity of the main boards, i.e. in the proximity of big electrical machines, such as transformers or generators, the short-circuit power is high and consequently also the energy associated with the electrical arc due to a fault is high.
Without going into complex mathematical descriptions of this phenomenon, the first instants of arc formation inside a cubicle can be schematized in 4 phases:
1. compression phase: in this phase the volume of the air where the arc develops is overheated owing to the continuous release of energy; due to convection and radiation the remaining volume of air inside the cubicle warms up; initially there are temperature and pressure values different from one zone to another;
2. expansion phase: from the first instants of internal pressure increase a hole is formed through which the overheated air begins to go out. In this phase the pressure reaches its maximum value and starts to decrease owing to the release of hot air;
3. emission phase: in this phase, due to the continuous contribution of energy by the arc, nearly all the air is forced out under a soft and almost constant overpressure;
4. thermal phase: after the expulsion of the air, the temperature inside the switchgear reaches almost that of the electrical arc, thus beginning this final phase which lasts till the arc is quenched, when all the metals and the insulating materials coming into contact undergo erosion with production of gases, fumes and molten material particles.
Should the electrical arc occur in open configurations, some of the described phases could not be present or could have less effect; however, there shall be a pressure wave and a rise in the temperature of the zones surrounding the arc.
Being in the proximity of an electrical arc is quite dangerous; here are some data to understand how dangerous it is:
• pressure: at a distance of 60 cm from an electrical arc associated with a 20 kA arcing fault a person can be subject to a force of 225 kg; moreover, the sudden pressure wave may cause permanent injuries to the eardrum;
• arc temperatures: about 7000-8000 °C;
• sound: electrical arc sound levels can reach 160 db, a shotgun blast only 130 db.
[ABB]Действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
Короткое замыкание вблизи больших силовых устройств, таких как трансформаторы или генераторы имеет очень большую мощность. Поэтому энергия электрической дуги, возникшей в результате короткого замыкания, очень большая.
Не вдаваясь в сложное математическое описание данного явления, можно сказать, что первые мгновения формирования дуги внутри шкафа можно упрощенно разделить на четыре этапа:
1. Этап сжатия: на этом этапе объем воздуха, в котором происходит зарождение дуги перегревается вследствие непрерывного высвобождения энергии. За счет конвекции и излучения оставшийся объем воздуха внутри шкафа нагревается. На этом начальном этапе значения температуры и давления воздуха в разных зонах НКУ разные.
2. Этап расширения: с первых мгновений внутреннее давление создает канал, через который начинается движение перегретого воздуха. На этом этапе давление достигает своего максимального значения, после чего начинает уменьшаться вследствие выхода горячего воздуха.
3. Этап эмиссии: на этом этапе вследствие непрерывного пополнения энергией дуги почти весь воздух выталкивается под действием мягкого и почти постоянного избыточного давления.
4. Термический этап: после выхлопа воздуха температура внутри НКУ почти достигает температуры электрической дуги. Так начинается заключительный этап, который длится до тех пор, пока дуга не погаснет. При этом все металлические и изоляционные материалы, вступившие в контакт с дугой, оказываются подвергнутыми эрозии с выделением газов, дыма и частиц расплавленного материала.
Если электрическая дуга возникнет в открытом НКУ, то некоторые из описанных этапов могут не присутствовать или могут иметь меньшее воздействие. Тем не менее будет иметь место воздушная волна и подъем температуры вблизи дуги.
Находиться вблизи электрической дуги довольно опасно. Ниже приведены некоторые сведения, помогающие осознать эту опасность:
• давление: На расстоянии 60 см от электрической дуги, вызванной током короткого замыкания 20 кА, человек может подвергнуться воздействию силы 225 кг. Более того, резкая волна давления может нанести тяжелую травму барабанным перепонкам;
• температура дуги: около 7000-8000 °C;
• шумовое воздействие: Уровень шумового воздействия электрической дуги может достигнуть 160 дБ (выстрел из дробовика – 130 дБ).
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > effects of the electric arc inside switchgear and controlgear assemblу
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